Create a video essay that develops the concept of intertextual mapping. To demonstrate
your understanding of the key concept of intertextuality, you will be expected to use a
case study OF YOUR CHOICE
The script of what was said during the video essay is under each slide. If there is no script underneath, then the information on the slide was spoken.
"The original series was created by Joe Ruby and Ken Spears until 1970 when new various writers took over. From there, the show has run ever since. The show continues to maintain the same formula as its original hypo text although it does add more modern-day twists in order to keep with the times such as improved animations."
"Gender: Both Shaggy and Fred stick to their character archetypes that they have had since the beginning of Scooby Doo. This also goes for Velma and Daphne. All characters also maintain the American classic high school stereotypes of the jock, Fred, the hippie, Shaggy, the nerd, Velma and the popular girl, Daphne. Overall, these characterisations maintain faithful to the original hypo text of Scooby Doo."
"Genre: These expectations and assumptions interact with the films during the screening, enabling audiences to comprehend and rationalize the films and their elements. Therefore, these expectations and assumptions involve understanding various plausibility, motivation, justification, and belief systems. In this sense, Gunn followed the comedic genre, incorporating classic characteristics such as slapstick humour and comedic moments from other films, alas using intertextuality to aid the hilarity of his film."
"Metatextuality, as defined by Genette, refers to the explicit or implicit references made by one text to another. An instance of explicit intertextuality is exemplified in the famous line "I've got a bad feeling about this," which gained popularity in the Star Wars film franchise following its debut in Stars Wars: A New Hope. In this particular case, the line is spoken by Shaggy, emphasizing his geeky persona, and aligning with his archetype of a hippie nerd. The employment of the line not only maintains Shaggy's characterization but also serves as a parody of the Star Wars genre, evoking laughter from the audience and enabling them to connect with the well-known line that they may use in their everyday lives."
"The utilization of the iconic phrase from the beloved film, Forrest Gump, exemplifies the concept of explicit intertextuality. The allusion bears a striking resemblance to the original text and how it is conveyed to the audience. Additionally, this famous line serves as an instance of metatextuality, as it directly aligns itself with the source material. This quote serves to showcase the similarities between Scooby, the unlikely hero, and Forrest Gump, both of whom are frequently underestimated, yet prove to be invaluable. For instance, Scooby can deduce that Shaggy's love interest is one of the monsters, while Forrest manages to excel as a football player despite his physical limitations. The line has also been humorously used as a tribute to the film by many maintaining the parody genre characteristics of the film."
"Within this instance of metatextuality, Scooby Doo mimics the actions of Kevin from Home Alone, which serves as the original hypotext. This is an implicit example of intertextuality, given that the action is replicated without any explicit reference to Home Alone, in contrast to Shaggy's Star Wars reference. Although brief, the homage to Home Alone enriches Scooby's character. From this action, we can deduce that Scooby is depicted as childlike, akin to Kevin. This is further corroborated by his other attributes, such as his fondness for Scooby snacks and his lack of impulse control. By establishing similarities between Scooby's character and well-known child figure Kevin, our perception of Scooby as the most innocent member of the group is strengthened."
"Architextuality is the relation between a text and a text of its kind and here we can see an example of this when the film references the first-ever episode of Scooby Doo: Where are you? Through this explicit reference, the film pays homage to the beginning of the franchise as Shaggy repeats the plot for the very first episode as they enter the castle. It highlights that Shaggy hates castles because of this incident years ago. The reference also hints at the possibility that the film and the original series take place within the same universe."
"The director James Gunn pays homage to the series Buffy the Vampire Slayer through various different forms throughout the film. Both of the texts continue to reference each other throughout."
"In terms of architextuality, Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Scooby-Doo have many of the same attributes as they are from the same genre. In Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Buffy and her gang also solve mysteries like in Scooby Doo."
"An explicit intertextual reference is also that Buffy’s gang is also called the Scooby Gang which Buffy’s gang first uses in the Season Two episode "What's My Line, Part One" as a homage to the Scooby Doo Gang."
"An Implicit intertextual example is when Daphne, who plays Buffy in the Buffy the Vampire Slayer series fights like her character. This is further an example of hypertextuality which is, according to Genette, “any relationship uniting a text B (hypertext) to an earlier text a (hypotext), upon which it is grafted in a manner that is not that of commentary".
"Overall, these small references pay homage to what many Western audiences classify as the original supernatural heroine."
"Genette's approach has demonstrated its efficacy in examining both overt and covert allusions in texts. Additionally, it enables a thorough examination of the diverse intricacies of textual referencing. Nevertheless, Alfaro's claim that "the five categories of Genette tend to overlap when it comes to practice" (1996, p.281) is somewhat accurate, as certain terms display only minor variations when scrutinizing distinct forms of intertextuality in the context of the Scooby Doo text."
"The film remains loyal to the original series in most aspects. The costumes are identical to the original hypertext, and the characters' mannerisms stay true to their original archetypes. However, having Daphne fight like Buffy, a skilled fighter, allows her character to break away from the usual archetype of a silly, popular girl and become a strong female character. James Gunn's decision to make this change could have been an homage to Buffy or an adaptation to fit with the feminist culture of the 2000s, instead of the less feminist culture of the 1970s. Additionally, the film parodies iconic American cultural moments by referencing famous pop culture, with the Scooby Doo Gang portraying such culture in a slapstick comedy environment."
Bibliography
Alfaro, MJM. 1996. Intertextuality: Origins and Development of the Concept. Atlantis. Vol 18. Pages 268–85. http://www.jstor.org/stable/41054827
Bassi, I. 2021. The Live-Action "Scooby-Doo" Movie Came Out 19 Years Ago, So Here Are Side-By-Sides Of The Cast Then Vs. Now. Buzzfeed. 11th May 2021. Retrieved from: https://www.buzzfeed.com/ishabassi/scooby-doo-movie-cast-then-vs-now
Brown, M. 2019. The One That Started It All: Star Wars: Episode IV – A New Hope (1977). Filmotomy. 14thDecember 2019. Retrieved from: https://filmotomy.com/the-one-that-started-it-all-star-wars-episode-iv-a-new-hope-1977/
Devone, A. 2021. An Adaption Done Right: It’s Time To Give Scooby-Doo It’s Flowers. Medium. 3rd May 2021. Retrieved from: https://anthonydevone.medium.com/an-adaption-done-right-its-time-to-give-scooby-doo-it-s-flowers-9c628b11b913
Leunig, M. 2023. he 10 Highest-Rated Scooby-Doo Series, Ranked According to IMDb. Collider. 10th January 2023. Retrieved from: https://collider.com/best-scooby-doo-series-ranked-imdb/
Mirenayat, A & Soofastaei, E. 2015. Gerard Genette and the Categorization of Textual Transcendence. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. Retrieved from:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282424058_Gerard_Genette_and_the_Categorization_of_Textual_Transcendence
Prudom, L. 2019. Scooby-Doo and Guess Who Reveals First Trailer, Premiere Date and Celebrity Cameos. IGN. 20th June 2019. Retrieved from: https://www.ign.com/articles/2019/06/20/scooby-doo-and-guess-who-trailer-premiere-date-ricky-gervais-weird-al-kevin-conroy
Ray, K. 2019. Gender Portrayal in Marvel Cinematic Universe Films: Gender Representation, Moral Alignment and Reward for Violence. Thesis (MA). Brigham Young University. Retrieved from: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=9528&context=etd
REX, R. 2018. I have a bad feeling about this. YouTube. Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_pcwcHF2FKY
Rotten Tomatoes, RT. 2002. Scooby Doo. Rotten Tomatoes. 14th June 2002. Retrieved from: https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1112357-scoobydoo
Rotten Tomatoes, RT. 2014. Scooby-Doo (2002) Official Trailer #1 - Sarah Michelle Gellar Movie. YouTube. Retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o3dbeI0BU1k&t=54s
Salmon, K. 2022. ‘Home Alone 2’ remains a classic 30 years later. The Hofstra Chronicle. 13th December 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.thehofstrachronicle.com/category/arts-and-entertainment/2022/12/13/home-alone-2-remains-a-classic-30-years-later
Sandler, K. 2020. How Scooby-Doo’s Origins Are Related to the RFK Assassination. Smithsonian Magazine. 13thMay 2020. Retrieved from: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/how-scooby-doos-origins-are-related-robert-kennedys-death-180974856/
Scooby Doo, 2002. [film, DVD]. Directed by James Gunn. USA: Warner Bros.
Starn, R., Miller, T. 2000. Film and Theory: An Anthology. Department of Cinema Studies. Retrieved from: https://shattak-production2.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/Notes/881705651061376500-Neale.pdf
Wikipedia, 2005. Scooby-Doo, Where Are You! Wikipedia. 4th September 2005. Retrieved from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scooby-Doo,_Where_Are_You!
Wonderwall, W. 2022. As Eliza Dushku turns 42, find out what she and the cast of 'Buffy the Vampire Slayer' is up to (and looks like) now. Wonderwall. 23rd December 2022. Retrieved from: https://www.wonderwall.com/entertainment/tv/buffy-the-vampire-slayer-where-are-they-now-18437.gallery
Wozinsky, J. 2023. 'Mama Always Said, Life Was Like a Box of Chocolates!'—25 Classic Forrest Gump Quotes. Parade. 24th of September 2023. Retrieved from: https://parade.com/307896/jesswozinsky/20-classic-forrest-gump-quotes-in-honor-of-the-films-20th-anniversary/
Yarn, Y. Running suitcase. Run suitcase. Run-. Connecticut: Clipmedia. Retrieved from: https://getyarn.io/yarn-clip/655e137b-0480-4218-8bed-9d9cc6b3bdca/gif
Zoonen, L. 2017. Intertextuality. International Encyclopaedia of Media Effects. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/313405629_Intertextuality
Archived a 2.1
